What is a dermatological examination?
A dermatological examination is carried out by a specialist in dermatology and venereology, who diagnoses and treats skin and sexual diseases, all visible mucous membranes and skin adnexa (nails, hair and glands).
The examination starts with a medical history, followed by a thorough clinical examination of the skin and the development of a therapy and treatment plan.
It may include additional procedures (skin biopsies, blood tests, nail and hair sampling, etc.), skin treatments and, if necessary, drug therapy.
How do I prepare for a dermatological examination?
Before a dermatological examination, it is best to maintain your hygiene as you would otherwise. For example, if the problem you are coming in for is related to excessively oily skin, it is not a good idea to clean your skin excessively just before the examination, as the dermatologist would not see your skin as it is.
It is also not advisable to apply preparations to the skin immediately before the examination, as they can mask skin changes. For example, a large amount of cosmetic products may hide acne or other skin lesions, making the dermatological examination more difficult.
When should I see a dermatologist?
A dermatological examination is recommended when there are visible changes on the skin that do not go away and/or cause problems such as skin sensitivity and soreness, redness, swelling, itching.
Symptoms that should not make you hesitate to see a dermatologist include:
- painful and inflammatory acne that does not go away despite proper hygiene and skin care the appearance of neoplasms, lumps, blisters or scaly and rough lesions on the skin
- visible alteration of an existing birthmark: asymmetrical appearance, irregular edges, change in colour, size or texture
- wounds that do not heal and last longer than a few weeks
- allergic reactions, manifested by rashes, redness, itching
- unexplained redness or itching of the skin that does not go away
- severely dry or oily skin that does not respond to cosmetic treatment
- changes in the nails such as thickening, discolouration, lifting of the nail plate
- increased hair loss over time
How is the first check-up with a dermatologist?
The first step is to talk to a dermatologist. During the examination, you can ask any questions you are interested in and the doctor will ask you any questions she thinks are important.
After the interview, a dermatological skin examination is carried out. This refers to an examination of the skin of the extremities, trunk, face, scalp and nails. Sometimes it is not necessary to examine the skin of the whole body, but it all depends on the doctor's assessment. The skin can be examined with the naked eye or with a dermatoscope.
At the first examination, a definitive or working diagnosis is made and, if necessary, a recommendation is made for tests to be carried out in order to make a definitive diagnosis and prescribe therapy. Certain types of treatment can be given immediately in the outpatient clinic during the dermatological examination.
Which dermatological diseases can be a reason for an examination?
Here is a brief description of some of the most common dermatological conditions that may require a dermatological examination:
Sebaceous gland diseases (acne, rosacea, seborrhoeic dermatitis)
- Acne is a skin disease characterised by blockage of the secretory ducts of the sebaceous glands. This results in accumulations of sebum and shed skin cells called comedones. The comedones may become purulent and scabs and scars may form as the inflamed skin heals. The disease usually develops during puberty and affects the skin of the face and upper torso. In women, it is associated with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Rozacea is a skin disease affecting the skin of the central part of the face, especially the nose and cheeks. It is characterised by reddening of the skin and visible enlargement of small blood vessels. In severe forms, inflammatory nodules may develop and the skin may thicken due to the overgrowth of connective tissue and sebaceous glands.
- Seboroic Dermatitis is inflammation of areas of the skin rich in sebaceous glands, especially the scalp, face and upper body. The main symptoms are redness and scaling of the skin. Dandruff (dandruff) occurs when the skin of the scalp peels.
Skin pigmentation disorders
Skin pigmentation disorders are essentially disorders in the amount of melanin, the main pigment of the skin. They are divided into hypomelanosis, in which the skin is lighter, and hypermelanosis, in which the skin is darker. Some of the more common pigmentation disorders are:
- inflammation or damage to the skin is probably the most common cause of loss of skin pigmentation
- chloasma or measles brownish patches on the face that often appear during pregnancy
- vitiligo hypomelanosis, characterised by the appearance of light-coloured skin tags, often accompanies various autoimmune diseases.
- Efelidi or sunspots are reddish-brown patches on the face or upper body, usually in people with red or blonde hair, which are more pronounced in summer
Allergic skin reactions
Allergic reactions are caused by the immune system becoming hypersensitive to environmental factors called allergens. The most common skin allergic reactions are:
- Urticaria is a condition characterised by the appearance of urticaria, which is characterised by redness and swelling of the skin accompanied by itching.
- atopic dermatitis is inflammation of the skin in an "atopic" person, i.e. someone with a genetic predisposition to allergic reactions.
- contact dermatitis is inflammation caused by skin contact with allergens, but can also occur after exposure to biological or physical agents other than allergens, such as acids, cold or mechanical pressure
Autoimmune skin diseases
Autoimmune diseases can affect different organs. They can manifest with skin changes such as vitiligo (light-coloured moles), alopecia (hair loss), redness or thickening and hardening of the skin, among others.
- Lupus is an autoimmune disease that can affect several organs and often manifests itself on the skin. Some of the skin changes that lupus can cause are redness of the skin, scarring and alopecia (hair loss). A butterfly-shaped flush of the central part of the face is particularly characteristic of lupus.
- Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. It is mediated by autoimmune mechanisms, and the individual's genetic predisposition and environmental provocative factors such as infections or psychological stress play a role in its development. The characteristic skin change in psoriasis is a reddening of the skin covered with silvery-white scales.
Bacterial skin infections
Bacterial infections can occur on previously healthy skin or on skin damaged by disease. They may be manifested by redness, swelling, pain or the formation of pus nodules. More severe forms may be accompanied by fever and general malaise. They are mostly treated with antibiotics, but sometimes surgery is necessary.
- Lyme disease is a specific bacterial infection, distinct from other bacterial skin infections, that is transmitted by a tick bite.
Viral skin infections (viral warts, herpes, molluscum, rash)
- Human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause benign neoplasms of the skin or mucous membranes, in addition to causing cervical cancer and the lesions that precede it (CIN 1, CIN 2 and CIN 3). Warts caused by HPV are most commonly found on the arms or legs and can be easily removed by cryotherapy (freezing with liquid nitrogen) or electrocoagulation (cutting with a loop that conducts an electric current). For growths in the intimate area, a consultation with a gynaecologist is necessary.
- Herpes caused by the herpes simplex virus. It most commonly appears on the lips or around the nose. There is usually a burning sensation at first, and after a while small, painful, fluid-filled nodules appear. Herpes is often preceded by a provoking factor such as mental stress, illness or menstruation. The herpes simplex virus can also cause genital herpes.
- Molluscs or molluscs is a viral infection common in children. They can be found anywhere on the body, but the most common sites are the neck, armpits and groin. They look like whitish or yellowish skin nodules with a depression in the centre. In addition to children, they can also occur in adults, at which time they are most commonly found on the private parts.
Price list - Dermatological examination
First specialist dermatological examination
100€
Extended specialist dermatological examination
130€
Specialist dermatological check-up
60€
Examination or consultation before the procedure
50€
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dermatology
The Dermatology Outpatient Clinic at the NYD Clinic provides patients with the highest level of treatment. The excellent performance of the outpatient clinic is due to the quality of the outpatient clinic team, with experienced dermatovenerology specialists.
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