Which examination are you interested in?
Radiofrequency treatment of the cervix
Fast, non-invasive, without ionising radiation.
Energy-controlled radiofrequency heats and destroys the targeted area of the cervix.
It can be used for the treatment of non-cancerous conditions such as symptomatic benign cervical ectropion and precancerous lesions, when the lesion is fully visible and there is no suspicion of invasion into deeper tissue.
Following the insertion of the speculum, a special probe is held against the selected area for a short time. The energy causes a controlled injury to the surface tissue, which is then replaced by new epithelium during the healing process.
The female patient is provided with appropriate pain relief therapy.
Following the procedure, period-like cramps and a watery or slightly bloody discharge may be present for some time.
This is an outpatient procedure, without a surgical incision.
In this way, most of the healthy cervical tissue can be preserved, but it is important to know that the tissue is destroyed rather than removed, so it cannot be sent for further examination. In the case of an unclear diagnosis or suspected cancer, an excision procedure is required.
Before treatment, appropriate PAP smear or HPV tests, colposcopy, and, if necessary, a biopsy must be performed.
Pregnancy, active infection and unexplained bleeding must be excluded.
Following the procedure, until healing is complete, sexual intercourse, tampons, vaginal medications, and swimming in a pool or bath are not recommended.
Insertion of an intrauterine device
Long-lasting and reversible protection without the daily thought of contraception.
An intrauterine device is an intrauterine appliance that represents one of the most effective forms of reversible contraception.
It is inserted as deep as possible into the uterus, and its effect is reversible, meaning that pregnancy is possible again upon its removal.
We know about levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine devices and copper intrauterine devices, which release small amounts of copper ions into the uterus and prevent the fertilisation of the egg.
Intrauterine devices can be removed at any time.
An open discussion about the desired contraception is held with the gynaecologist.
After deciding on the intrauterine device, the cervix is cleaned, the length of the uterine cavity is measured, and then the device is inserted through a thin applicator introduces into the uterus. The threads of the coil are shortened so that they reach into the upper part of the vagina.
Cramps may occur during the procedure. To relieve pain, local lidocaine may be used, among other things.
Intrauterine device can be several years (how much depends on the manufacturer) provides effective contraception, plus it can be removed at any time and fertility is restored.
The hormonal coil is also used to reduce heavy periods. However, no intrauterine device protects against sexually transmitted infections.
The device can be inserted at any time during the cycle; the only important thing is that the woman is not pregnant.
Furthermore, the insert is not to be inserted in the event of purulent inflammation of the cervix or an untreated confirmed sexually transmitted infection, as this may transmit the infection to the uterus and Fallopian tubes.
Following insertion, it is necessary to watch out for potential expulsion of the device, which you might suspect if you cannot feel the threads or if they are suddenly longer or shorter. In addition, also look out for signs of infection.
LLETZ cone biopsy
A step ahead of changes: the HPV test can detect high-risk types of the virus even before cellular changes occur.
LLETZ is a procedure that With an electrical loop, she removes part of the cervix where precancerous changes were found.
The removed tissue is then sent for histopathological examination, where the pathologist determines the grade of the lesion, checks for potential invasion and assesses the margins of the excised tissue.
The procedure is usually performed as an outpatient under local anaesthetic. After inserting the speculum and numbing the cervix, the doctor removes the lesion using an electrical loop. Bleeding is stopped using electrocoagulation or a local agent.
Following the procedure, brownish, watery or bloody discharge and mild cramps are possible for a few weeks.
The procedure is performed under local anaesthesia and on an outpatient basis, which means the woman can go that same day home, The removed lesion can be sent for histopathological examination for diagnosis.
Before the procedure, the gynaecologist must examine all previous colposcopic and biopsy findings. Information regarding anticoagulants, blood clotting disorders and allergies is also important.
A woman of reproductive age must discuss with her gynaecologist planning a pregnancy to prevent premature birth.
Following the procedure, sexual intercourse, tampons, vaginal medications and bathing are not recommended until healing is complete, which is often around four weeks.
Genital wart removal
Visible changes can be removed, but treatment is always tailored to the site, extent and wishes of the patient.
Genital warts (medically known as condyloma) they are caused by infection with low-risk HPV, human papillomavirus. They can be single or multiple, flat or pedunculated, and appear on the external genitalia, at the vaginal opening, in the vagina, on the cervix, or around the anus. If they bleed or grow rapidly, a biopsy may be necessary at the discretion of the gynaecologist.
Genital warts can be treated with cryotherapy, chemical coagulation, electrosurgery, classical surgical excision or laser treatment. The choice of method needs to be tailored to each individual patient.
More extensive, recurring or hard-to-reach lesions are more frequently suitable for surgical or laser removal.
Removal of the condyloma offers numerous benefits, ifrom aesthetic to practical, as it reduces irritation and bleeding.
Removal, however, does not mean that the HPV has immediately disappeared from the surrounding tissue, which is why genital warts can recur.
HPV vaccination reduces the risk of future infections and the development of genital warts.
Before the procedure, it is recommended avoid shaving and irritating products on the hair removal area.
Following ablative or surgical treatment, the area must be kept clean and dry, and sexual intercourse and friction should be avoided until healed.
Treatment of benign lesions
Benign conditions are not treated at all costs; treatment is only worthwhile when it brings clear benefit.
The term benign gynaecological changes covers a wide range of very different diagnoses: cyst of the external genitalia or vagina, Bartholin's cysts, cervical and endometrial polyps, benign ovarian changes and other growths. Many do not cause problems and can be safely monitored.
Depending on the size and appearance of the lesion and the presence of symptoms, the gynaecologist will decide on the type of treatment.
First, a gynaecological examination is carried out and, if necessary, an ultrasound is performed. Further treatment will depend on the pathology present.
Endometrial polyps are usually removed by hysteroscopy, while symptomatic vulvar or vaginal cysts may be opened, drained, or excised.
Ovarian cysts are either monitored with ultrasound check-ups or operated on laparoscopically.
The main advantage of treating benign gynaecomastric changes is the reduction of bothersome symptoms, ranging from pain and recurrent inflammation to bleeding. It is important to know that professional monitoring is often safer than an invasive procedure in the case of benign changes.
Preparation depends on the type and extent of the procedure. Laboratory tests and adjustments to therapy while taking regular medication may be necessary.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between a PAP smear and an HPV test?
The Pap test assesses the appearance of cervical cells and looks for already developed cellular changes, whereas the HPV test detects the presence of high-risk HPV types that can cause such changes.
Does an abnormal Pap smear result mean cancer?
No. The pathological report means that abnormal cells were found in the smear, which are defined more precisely by a biopsy. Precancerous cell changes can be mild, moderate or severe, and a cancerous change only occurs when the altered cells grow through the basement membrane and invade deeper tissue.
Do I still need to have an HPV test if I have been vaccinated against HPV?
Yes. The vaccine significantly reduces the risk, but it does not protect against all high-risk types of HPV and does not treat an infection that was already present before vaccination.
Can one swab test show all sexually transmitted infections?
No. The type of sample and test is chosen according to symptoms, sexual contacts and site of exposure. For chlamydia and gonorrhoea, a vaginal or cervical swab or urine can be collected, and in the case of oral or anal contact, a throat or rectal swab as well; HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B and C are detected by a blood test.
What is a colposcopy and does it hurt?
Colposcopy is a precise examination of the cervix under magnification. The procedure is generally painless, as the colposcope remains outside the body. A feeling of discomfort may be caused by a biopsy, if it is indicated at the same time as the colposcopy.
Can I use a tampon after a cervical biopsy?
Until the bleeding or coloured discharge stops, the use of tampons, menstrual cups and vaginal medications is generally not recommended. It is also advised to abstain from sexual intercourse.
Does a normal ultrasound scan rule out all gynae conditions?
Ultrasound is a very important diagnostic method in gynaecology, but it does not rule out all forms of endometriosis, tiny mucosal lesions, infections, functional disorders of the pelvic floor or early cellular changes. The findings are therefore always interpreted in conjunction with the clinical picture and the results of other examinations.
Other gynaecological services
A yearly visit to the gynaecologist not only maintains gynaecological health, but also prevents diseases and, with advice, alleviates even the smallest problems that are a common part of monthly cycles and menopausal years.
Discover our advanced intimate health solutions, which include PRP therapy and effective treatment and elimination of scars after childbirth, surgeries or due to lichen sclerosus.
Refresh your look and confidence with procedures that include labia and perineum correction using hyaluronic acid, hyperpigmentation treatment, as well as the O-Shot therapy and G-spot augmentation.
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